【英译中】
Often mistaken, never in doubt.” That wry phrase describes us all more than we'd like to admit. The psychological study of misconceptions shows that all of us possess many beliefs that are flawed or flat-out wrong---and also that we cling to these fallacies with remarkable tenacity. As a result, just hearing the correct explanation isn't enough. Most methods of instruction and training assume that if you provide people with the right information, it will replace any mistaken information listeners may already possess. But especially when our previous beliefs(even though faulty) have proved useful to us, and when they appear to be confirmed by everyday experience, we are reluctant to let them go.
“经常出错，却从不质疑”。这句俗话说的是我们都不愿承认的一件事。心理学家对人类的错误观念做了研究，结果发现，尽管人类对很多事物的认知或多或少存在缺陷，有些甚至是完全错误的，但对于这些错误，人类通常却固执己见。结果是，仅听正确概念的解释是不够的。多数指导和培训理论认为，如果给人类灌输正确的观念，这将取代他们原有的错误。但只要我们原有的观念(哪怕是错误的)对我们有帮助，尤其是那些通过日常经验所得，我们并不愿意放手。
Donna Alvermann, a language and literacy researcher at the University of Georgia, notes that in study after study, "students ignored correct textual information when it conflicted with their previously held concepts. On measures of free recall and recognition, the students consistently let their incorrect prior knowledge override incoming correct information." It's what our mothers called "in one ear and out the other." We have to actively disabuse ourselves or others of erroneous conceptions, and research from cognitive science and psychology points the way. Although much of this research concerns misguided notions of how the physical world works, the techniques it has produced can be used to correct any sort of deficient understanding.
乔治亚大学的语言和识字研究学者Donna Alvermann指出，一次次的研究调查发现，“对于正确的文字信息，学生通常视而不见，因为这些信息和他们原有的观点有冲突。记忆和认知调查显示，学生始终如一地坚持原有的观点”。这就是妈妈们经常唠叨的“一个耳朵进一个耳朵出”。很多研究人类认知科学的心理调查证实了一个观点，即我们不得不经常去说服自己和他人的错误观点。该项目研究的是人类对物质世界的认知错误，而作为研究产物的一些方法可被用来如何纠正人类的认知方面的错误。
【中译英】
中文是世界上最古老的文字之一。传说中的仓颉造字让中国人有了共同的根。从甲骨文到简体汉字，中文伴随着中华民族绵延至今。中文铸造类中华民族的精神品格。比如说，中文书写各笔每画都要伸缩有度，相互映衬，取长补短，以使整个字浑然一体。这体现了中国人谦让包容、合作共赢的处事风格。
中文富有哲理，很多字由意生字，寓意丰富。中文的“信”字由“人”和“言”组成，意思就是“人要言而有信”。这是中国人的做人原则，也是中国与世界各国的相处之道。中文的优美、简练举世公认。中文是从象形字演变而来，逐步发展成一种可以欣赏的书写艺术。这是世界上是独特的。
Chinese language is one of the most time-honored languages in the world. Legend has it that CangJie created the Chinese characters, which formed the common root for Chinese people. Chinese, from the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells in the earliest times to the simplified characters in the present, has been the thread along the progress of Chinese nation. It has forged the common spirit of the Chinese nation. For example, Chinese calligraphy requires every stroke to be flexible and complementary to each other so that in combination these strokes form the harmonious whole. It is a vivid symbol of Chinese people’s modesty and inclusiveness, cooperative and win-win mindset.
Chinese is a philosophical language, with many characters entailing profound meaning based on their ingredients of significance. For instance, “integrity” (信)in Chinese is composed of two parts: person (人) and word (言), signifying that a person should be as good as his word. It is the basic principle for Chinese people to conduct themselves and for China to coexist with other nations in the world. Chinese language enjoys worldwide renown of elegance and conciseness. It develops from pictograph to the calligraphic art for general appreciation, which is quite unique in the world.
【中译英部分解析】
2015年9月高级口译汉英翻译部分考到了人文话题，涉及中文的发展演变历史。正如著名语言学家吕淑湘先生曾经指出，“汉语多流水小句”，中文的这一竹节式的结构特色在本次人文主题的翻译文章中也是得到了极致的体现。在翻译成英文时，考生还是要把握中英两种语言的差异，得其“意”而忘其“形”，即在意思上尽量与原文靠拢，而使结构达到整饬美。
本次高口翻译的中译英部分难度与往年持平，主要涉及常规考查热点中的人文主题。
一. 词性转换，语意依旧。词性转换法是中高级口译翻译部分所考到的最重要的翻译技巧，每次考试必有涉及，本次也不例外。例如：“传说中的仓颉造字让中国人有了共同的根”，此句中仍然体现了汉语中多用动词“造字”，而英文中多用名词，显得行文正式，因此翻译时可用到转性译法的名转动，译为 creation; 再如，“中文伴随着中华民族绵延至今”，也用到了动态化的结构“绵延至今”，在翻译时亦可转译为英文中的名词’the thread along the progress of the Chinese nation’; 再如：“这体现了中国人谦让包容、合作共赢的处事风格。”其中“体现”这一动词在翻译成英文时也可以转译为名词 symbol，凸显出行文的正式。
二. 有增有减，张弛有度。如文中“从甲骨文到简体汉字”，翻译时需把时间增译进来，即译为” from the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells in the earliest times to the simplified characters in the present”; 再如，汉语是意合的文字，并不注重形式上的关联词，在译为英文时可适当增补逻辑关系词。“中文的“信”字由“人”和“言”组成”这一句是对前一句“中文富有哲理，很多字由意生字，寓意丰富”的举例阐述，增补for instance。
三. 有分有合，相得益彰。比如，文中“传说中的仓颉造字让中国人有了共同的根”这一句，如果考生觉得转性处理有难度，亦可将其进行拆分，即采用“传说中仓颉造字，这让中国人有了共同的根”，译为Legend has it that CangJie created the Chinese characters, which formed the common root for Chinese people，用定语从句进行连接。再如，中文富有哲理，很多字由意生字，寓意丰富。此句为典型的汉语竹节式小句结构，翻译时可用到谓语最小化原则，比如用到with结构，译为Chinese is a philosophical language, with many characters entailing profound meaning based on their ingredients of significance.再如，中文的“信”字由“人”和“言”组成，意思就是“人要言而有信”。同样可用到谓语最小化原则，译为’For instance, “integrity” (信) in Chinese is composed of two parts: person (人) and word (言), signifying that a person should be as good as his word.
