Part A:Spot Dictation
Directions:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blank with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.
Listening is one of the first things we learn to do and one of the things we do most. The average person spends 9% of their daily communication time writing,16% reading,30 % speaking,and 40% listening. Students spend most of their school time listening,up to 60% according to some studies. Yet despite its importance,we usually take our ability to listen for granted. As we have already said,though,listening isn‘t easy. The fact is we have different listening styles for different occasions. How successful we are as listeners may depend in part on choosing the right listening style for the situation. Perhaps the most basic listening style is appreciative listening. We listen appreciative when we enjoy music,a birds’ song or the murmur of a book. We need a different style,one called discriminative listening. When we want to single out one particular sound from a noisy environment,you discriminate,for example,when you listen for a friend‘s voice in a crowded room. We use a third style of listening:comprehensive listening,when we want to understand. When we listen to directions or instructions,we are using this style. The forth learning style is more complex,therapeutic listening. The style practice by counselors,psychiatrists,and good friends encourages people to talk freely without fear of embarrassment. Friends act as our sounding boards,when we just want someone to listen. The therapeutic listener in conversation with a troubled friend accepts what he said tries hard to understand. And above all,makes no judgment. The fifth style,critical listening,is the one we will examine most closely. Critical listeners are the most active of all listeners. Because they are working hard to decide whether what someone else says make sense. Critical listeners evaluate what they hear and decide if another person’s message is logical,worthwhile or has value. We need to be critical listeners,when someone wants us to buy some things,vote a certain way,or support a particular idea. We also need to be critical listeners in school,where listening and thinking are almost synonymous.
评析:本篇文章是关于听的能力的分类介绍,题材为生活科普。主要介绍了五种不同的听的方式,并举例说明了这些方式是如何在不同条件下使用。文章难度属于中等,说明性文章,有明确的逻辑条理,通过中间的逻辑连接词,如the first,the third,the forth,the fifth…; for example等词,较易抓听关键信息。但文中有部分词汇,可能仍会对考生造成困扰:如appreciative,discriminative,psychiatrist,therapeutic等。建议考生平时注意对与生活息息相关的科普文进行关注。
The subject of today’s lecture is culture shock: group pressure in action. Culture shock,as you know, is the term used to describe the experience many people have when they travel to another country, and it can be seen as a manifestation of group pressure in action. It is a good example of group pressure, because it shows what happens when an individual suddenly experiences different culture rules, the rules of another cultural group.
Now culture shock is complex phenomenon, but I’m going to focus on three main ideas inthis lecture. First of all, we will consider the reasons why people experience culture shock.
Secondly,I will describe the different stages of this experience. Finally, I’ll mention some possible applications of this research, because although you might think that culture shock effects, say, only travellers that is not the case. In fact, cross-cultural studies have immense practical value for modern society.
First, then, why do people experience culture shock? Think about this for a minute.When you grow up in a particular set of surroundings, naturally you get used to the rules and guidelines that govern the behavior. of the people around you. In a sense, you become totally dependent on the rules of your social group. You tend to ques articulated, and therefore, you’re not aware of their impact. In other words, tion them; you just accept them without thinking. These rules are often not clearlyyou are not necessarily conscious of them.
They only become important when, for example, you go to another country or a different environment that’s governed by a different set of rules. In fact, this experience can be so shocking that it has been compared to having a bucket of cold water thrown over you.
Culture shock happens precisely because you cannot use your own culture as a map to guide your own behavior. and your own understanding of what surrounds you. You’re totally out of control, just as if you were driving along a highway in the dark, without a road map. And because of this, people often behave irrationally. It’s a highly stressful experience, and there are different symptom in different stages.
评析：这篇Spot Dictation难度适中，没有非常生僻的单词。拼写稍有难度的单词在文中用红色标出，供考生朋友参考。内容是为文化类话题，演讲者讲的是culture shock的问题。这个话题多次在口译考试中出现，老师在课堂话题的讨论中也就文化现象补充过不同国家文化的差异，对于同学们而言也算是比较熟悉的。第二段用三个观点依次解释文化冲击这个复杂的现象，调理清晰。本篇最大的难度在于高级口译考试真题的部分空格间单词比较长，例如标红的第8，9空，但是庆幸的是单词本身不难，所以只要灵活运用上课教大家的缩写方式就可以大大节省时间了。标红处为难词和长单词空，请大家重点关注。
（编辑：祁霞）
